Grinding tools are referred to as abrasives for short. There are three major series of abrasives, fixed abrasives, coated abrasives and super-hard abrasives. Each has its own characteristics, exists independently, and has its own strengths.
1. Consolidated abrasive tools Consolidated abrasive tools are tools with a certain shape and a certain grinding ability made of abrasives (grinding materials) and bonding agents. Marking example of fixed abrasive tools: shape size, abrasive grain size, bond hardness organization 35M/SGB/T2485, shape code 300×50×75 abrasive type, abrasive size bond, abrasive tool hardness organization number, maximum working speed, abrasive tool technical premise, standard number except Except for the maximum working speed and the standard number of the technical premise of the abrasive tool, the rest are the characteristics of the consolidated abrasive tool. The abrasive particle size refers to the size of the abrasive. The abrasives of the fixed abrasives adopt the following series of standards. These 7 characteristics are based on each of the standards in the machinery industry standards published by the National Abrasives Standardization Technical Committee in 1998. set.
(1) Hardness: The hardness here refers to the strength of the bonding agent and the abrasive under the action of external force. According to the particle size, the hardness is measured by sandblasting hardness tester and Rockwell hardness. The hardness is divided into super soft (super soft 1, super soft 2), soft (soft 1, soft 2), medium soft (medium soft 1, medium soft 2), medium (medium 1, medium 2), medium hard (medium hard 1, medium hard) 2. There are 7 major levels including medium hard 3), hard (hard 1, hard 2), super hard (super hard 1, super hard 2), and a total of 15 minor levels.
(2) Bonding agent: Bonding agent refers to the material that binds various bonding agents and abrasives in the consolidated abrasive. Consolidated abrasive tools usually use four types of binders: ceramic, resin, rubber, and magnesite. These four types of bonding agents have the largest proportion of ceramic bond abrasive tools. The main materials of ceramic bond are clay, feldspar, loess, quartz stone, etc., which are composed of different abrasives, different uses, and different preparation methods (casting or pressing). Resin binders are mainly phenolic resins, which are divided into powder resins and liquid resins. They are also divided into various resin binders according to different preparation methods and different uses. The rubber bonding agent currently uses three types of artificial styrene butadiene rubber, sodium butadiene rubber and liquid rubber, which are divided into various rubber adhesives according to different preparation methods and different uses. The main materials of the magnesite binder are composed of magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride, and are mainly used for fine-grained abrasives for fine processing purposes. The codes of various bonding agents are as follows: bonding agent name bonding agent code ceramic bonding agent V resin bonding agent B rubber bonding agent R magnesite bonding agent MG.
(3) Organization: Organization refers to the volume of the abrasive in the fixed abrasive tool, expressed in weight%. Usually the organization is not displayed in the abrasive mark, and when formulating the formula during manufacturing, self-control is indicated by Arabic numerals, that is, the smaller the number, the looser the organization, that is, the less the abrasive ratio in the fixed abrasive, and vice versa. The tighter the organization, the greater the proportion of abrasive particles. Usually there are 13 organization numbers from 0-12.
2. Coated Abrasives Coated abrasives refer to the abrasives in which the binder adheres the abrasive to the flexible substrate, also known as flexible abrasives. Coated abrasives have nine characteristics: substrate type-substrate treatment-abrasive type-abrasive grain size-planting sand density-binder type-bond strength-shape-size
3. Super-hard abrasive tools Super-hard abrasive tools refer to abrasive tools made of diamond or cubic boron nitride super-hard abrasives, which are another series of abrasive tools. Super-hard abrasives have the following characteristics and marks: concentration, bonding agent, particle size, abrasive grade, thickness of abrasive grain layer, aperture, total thickness, diameter, shape code The above features and marks are in accordance with the 1998 national standard for abrasives The technical committee compiled the delineation of each scale in the China Machinery Industry Standards published by China Publishing House. Regarding the concentration: it is roughly the same as the organization number of the consolidated abrasives, but it should be indicated in the logo of the super-hard abrasives. The so-called concentration refers to the number of grams of super-hard abrasive contained in the volume of super-hard abrasives per CM3, expressed in %, and the concentration code is as follows: Code Abrasive content (G/CM3) concentration 250.2225% 500.4450% 750.6675% 1000.88100% 1501.32150% Bonding agent: refers to the type of bonding agent used in super-hard abrasives. The bonding agent code is as follows: bonding agent bonding agent code resin bonding agent B metal bonding agent M ceramic bonding agent V.
